a state of violent disturbance and disorder (as in politics or social conditions generally); the industrial revolution was a period of great turbulence

[ Syn: turbulence , sturm und drang ]

a violent disturbance; the convulsions of the stock market

[ Syn: convulsion , turmoil ]

(geology) a rise of land to a higher elevation (as in the process of mountain building)

[ Syn: uplift , upthrow , upthrust ]

disturbance usually in protest

[ Syn: agitation , excitement , turmoil , hullabaloo ]